Means for automatically controlling the temperature of molten glass



J. F. RULE March 18, 1930.

1,750,967 MEANS FOR AUTOMATICALLY CONTROLLING THE TEMPERATURE OF MOLTEN GLASS March 18, 1930.

J. F. RULE 1,750,967

MEANS FOR AUTOMATICALLY CONTROLLING THE TEMPERATURE OF MOLTEN GLASS Original Filed April 12, 1927 3 Sheets$heet 2 March 18,1930. J. F. RULE 1,750,967

MEANS FOR AUTOMATICALLY CONTROLLING THE TEMPERATURE OF MOLTEN GLASS Original Filed April 12, 1927 s Sheets-Sheet 5 4! IUB 42 6 65 /4 l8 II I 0 .L O 900 l 17117111 llilili Patented Mar, 18 1930 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE JOHN F. RULE, 0F TOLEDO, OHIO, A SSIGNOR TO OWENS-ILLINOIS GLASS COMPANY, OF

TOLEDO; OHIO, A CORPORATION OF OHIO MEANS FOR AUTOMATICALLY CONTROLLING THE TEMPERATURE OF MOLTEN GLASS Application filed April 12, 1927 Serial No. 183,067. -Renewed September 8, 1928,

My invention relates to a method and apparatus adapted for the automatic regulation and control of the temperature of molten .gla'ss and'as herein disclosed is particularly adapted for use with apparatus for delivering charges of molten glass to the molds of a forming machine.

In the practical operation of mechanism for forming and delivering charges of glass to molds, considerable ditficulty is experienced on account of variations in thetemperature and fluidity of the glass, resulting in variationsin the size and shape of the charges delivered to the mold, as well as lack of uniformity of temperature conditions. These variations and inequalities result in defects and lack of uniformity in the finished ware.

The temperature of the glass is ordinarily regulated by the operator, who observes the condition of the issuing glass and adjusts the temperature control valves or other temperature regulating means accordingly. This method, however, is unreliable and does not permit the temperature conditions to be maintained as uniform as desired.

An object of the present invention is to overcome the ditliculties and defects incident to the present methods of temperature control by hand, by providing practical means for automatically maintaining an accurate temperature regulation. Small variations in the temperature of glass in the condition in which it is delivered to the molds, result in substantial variations in the fluidity or viscosity of the glass. This feature is utilized in the present invention to effect an automatic control by means of the resistance offered by the glass to an implement or device moving in the glass. Thus, for example, any decrease below the normal working temperature of the glass will materially increase its viscosity and therefore increase the resistance ofiiered to the movement of the implement therein. This increased resistance acts through suitable means to control a temperature regulating medium in a manner to apply more heat to the glass and thereby restore it to normal temperature. In like manner, an increase in the temperature of the glass above normal, by reducing the resistance of the glass to the movement of the regulating implement therein, reacts through suitable controlling tubular member which is frequently employed in glass feeding apparatus and is ro-" tated in the glass for the purpose of stirring the glass, and which in some instances also serves to control the rate of flow. In one of its forms the present invention also contemplates the utiliza'tion,- for glass temperature control, of they usual reciprocating plunger by which the flow of glass is periodically controlled. v

A further object of the invention is the provision of means by which the size or weight of the charges of glass delivered by a glass feeding mechanism to the molds of a forming machine, may automatically be kept uniform independently of variations in the speed of the forming machine. For this purpose there is provided means by which an increase, for example, in the speed of the forming machine, which would-otherwise result in a decrease in the size of the charges, operates through suitable mechanism to increase the temperature and rate of flow of the glass in a manner to maintain a normal and substantially uniform size and weight of the charges.

Other objects of the inventionwill appear hereinafter.

In the accompanying drawings:

Figure 1 is a sectional elevation of a glass feeding apparatus to which the present invention is applied.

Figure 2 is a partly diagrammtic view showing the electrical controlling circuits and the electromagnets.

Figure 3 is a sectional elevation at the line IIIIII on Figure 1.

I IVIV on Figure 1.

. Figure 5 is a sectional plan the line V V on Figure '4.

a Figure 6 is a detail View showing valve operating mechanism.

Figures 7 to 12 illustrate a modified form of construction in which the'reciprocating plunger is used to control the electrical circuits. y

Figure 7 is a sectional elevation of the apparatus, parts being broken away.

Figure 8 is a plan view of the same.

Figure 9 is a view showing the relation of parts during a. down stroke of the plunger when the glass is below normal working temperature. 1

Figure 10 is a view showing the relation of parts during the up stroke of the plunger when the glass is above normal temperature.

Figure 11 is a sectional view of the dash pot. v

F'gure 12 is a section at the line XII-X11 on Figure 11.

Referring particularly to Figure 1, the molten glass 20 is continuously supplied from the. main furnace or tank into the forehearth or boot extension 21 and issuesthrough an 'outlet 22 in the floor of the boot. The issuing glass forms suspended masses or gobs 23 of appropriate s1ze and shape to form mold charges wh ch are periodically severed by cutters 24 and drop into the molds on the rotating mold carriage 26 of the forming machine. The mechanism for actuating the cutters 24 is preferably driven from or geared to the mold carriage to operate in svnchronism therewith in the usual manner. The flow of glass through the outlet may be controlled in the usual manner by a plunger 27 which is periodically reciprocated vertically in timed relation to the operations-of the cutters.

A tube or sleeve 28 of refractory material surrounds the plunger and projects downward through an opening in the cover block 29 of the boot into the glass. This tube is preferably adjustable vertically to regulate the size of the space between the lower end of ,the tube and the floor of the boot and thereby regulate the rate of flow of the glass. For this purpose .any suitable adjusting mechanism may be employed, as for exan'iple. that disclosed in the U. S. patent to Soubier. Num ber 1,642,904, September 20, 1927.

The tube 28 is rotated continuously about the vertical axis of the plunger 27. The. means for rotating the tube COIIl PIlSQS a drive shaft30 from which power is transmitted through gears 31, 32, aligned shafts 33 and 34, and gears 35 and 36. A burner 37 projecting into the space above the glass in the boot, supplies heat for maintaining the glass at a suitable working temperature. The amount ed by the mechanism which will now bedescribed. I

The aligned shafts 33 and 34 through which drivingpower is transmitted to the rotating sleeve 28 are connected through a torsion spring 38, the ends of which are secured to disks 39 and 40, respectively secured to but electrically insulated from the shafts 33 and 34. This spring connection permits a limited relative rotation ofthe twoshafts. The rela-' tive rotative position of the shafts is determined by the resistance which the tube 28 ofl'ers to the rotation of the shaft 34, which resistance is in turn dependent on the viscosity of the glass and varies with any variations in the temperature of the glass. The relative position of the shafts 33 and 34'detel-mines the condition of the electrical circuits for electro motors, herein shown as electro-magnets 41 and 42 which actuate suitable valve mechanism, as hereinafter described. to regulate the supply of fuel. gas to the burner 37.. Included in the electrical circuits is a contact arm 43 mounted on the disk 40 and'movable between contacts 44 and 45 mounted to rotate with the disk 39. The contact arm 45 is carried on a metal sleeve 46 mounted on but insulated from the shaft 33. A brush contact 47 carried by a stationary block 48, bears against the rotating sleeve 46.- \Vhen the arms 43 and 45 are in engagement, as hereinafter explained, a circuit is established-for the eleotro-magnet 41. This circuit may be traced from the eleetro-magnet coil through conductor 49, brush 4', sleeve 46. arms 45 and 43, disk 40, hub 50 of disk 40, brush 51, conductor 52 (including switch 53), battery 54 and conductor to the opposite terminal of the cleetro-magnet coil.

The circuit for the elect-ro-magnet 42 includes a. stationary contactplate 56 forming a wiper against which bears a conducting rod 57 mounted to rotate with the shaft 33. Said rod is mounted for lengthwise movement in aligned openings formed in the hub of the disk 39, an insulating disk 58 and sleeve 46 and is held against the contact plate 56 by a spring 59. The rod 5T is insulated from the disk 46. A circuit for the electroana'gnet 42 may be traced from one terminal thereof through conductor (30. mmi'zlCi plate .313, rod 57. arms 44. and 4.3. disk 40. brush 51. conductor 532, battery :34 and conductors and 1 to the opposite terminal of the electromagnet.

The electro-magnets 41 and -12 control a 'alre G2 in the fuel line of he burner 37. Said valve compri es an arm (33 connected to a rod (34 which carries the ("(ll'(.\"(i5 and ($6 of the electro-magnets 41 and 42. respectively. When the magnets are both deeiwrgized. the. arm (33 is held in an intermediate position (see Figs. 1 and G) by means of spring actuated rods 07 mounted in casings G8. The fuel I 1 line for the burnercomprises a pipe 71, valveergizing the magnetand permitting the 62 and a pipe 73 extending to the burnerl A hand valve 74 may be provided for cutting off the flow of fuel gas supplied through the automatic valve 62. A branch pipe 75 permits fuel gas to be supplied to the burner independently of the automatic mechanism. The pipe 75 is normally closed by a hand valve 76' when the automatic fuel control mechanism is in operation.

The operation of the apparatus shown in Figures 1 to 5 may be described as follows. Assuming the glass to be at the normal temperature required for producing mold charges, the plunger 27 reciprocating periodically and the tube 28 being rotated continuously'by power transmitted from the shaft 30, the'torsion spring 38 will-be under a certain tension owing to theresistance ofiered by the glass to the rotation of the tube 28. This tension is such that the disk 40 is rotated relative to the disk 39 to an intermediate position I .inwhioh the contact arm 43 is about midway between the arms 44 and 45, so that the circuits for both electro-magnets are open. The valve 62 is, therefore, held in its intermediate position (Fig. 1) in which the flow of fuel gas to the burner 37 is restricted but not en- ,Q'tirely cut off. The burner 37 will, thereabout normaltemperature. v change so that the glass becomes too hot, less fore, supply enough heat to keep the glass at If conditions resistance will be offered to the rotation of the tube 28, thereby reducing the tension on the spring 38 so that the disk 40 moves relative to the disk 39, to the Figure 2 position in which the arms 43 and 44 are brought into enga ement.- This completes the circuit for the e ectro-magnet- 42 which is thereby energized andoperates to swing the valve to the Figure 2 position. This further restricts or cuts off entirely the fuel supply to the burner 37 so that the glass coolsdown to a normal temperature, increasing its viscosity so that the increased resistance ofiered to the rotation of the tube 28 again results in a separation of the contacts 43 and 44. The circuit for the electro-magnet being thus opened, the

valve is returned to its normal intermediate position and the fuel supply thereby increased to-normal.

'If the glass should become too.cold, the viscosity is increased so that a greater tension is applied to the torsion spring 38 and the arm 43 is moved into engagement with the arm 45, thereby establishing a circuit for the electro-magnet'41. This electro-magnet then draws its armature 65 inward, swinging the valve arm 63 to the right and moving the valve 62 to a wide open position, thus increasing the supply of fuel to the burner 37. The increased heat restores the glass tonormal temperature and viscosity so that the resistance to the rotation of the tube is reduced and the contacts 43 and 45 separated, deenvalve to be restored to its normal interme- .diate position. I H

- The automatic temperature control appara tus above described may be utilized to maintain a substantially constant weight of the charges whenthe speed of the forming machine varies and when such variation inspecd would otherwise result in a corresponding variation in the weight of the charges. For

ter correspondingly increases the speed of the tube 28. This increased speed increases the torque or tension on-the spring 38 so that the contacts 43 and 45 are brought'together in the same manner as above explained in connection with an excessive cooling of the glass.

Thisresults in the application of more heat to the glass, thus increasing its fluidity and correspondingly increasing the rate of flow through the outlet 22. The size or weight of the charges 23 is thus increased sufficientlyto compensate for the reduction in the time intervals between thesuccessive operations of the cutters, whereby the size of the charges remains substantially constant. Although the automatic temperature control, as above described, is eifected by vary.- ing the supply of fuel gas to the burner 37, it is. to be understood that the pipe line 73 might convey a cooling medium which would be automatically regulated by operation ofthevalve 62 to control the temperature. In

this'instance, any decrease below normal in the temperature of the glass would serve to close Instead of open the valve, thereby decreasing the supply of cooling medium and vice versa. Also, the electro-magnets might 1 readily be arranged to operate independent valves, one for controlling the supply of fuel gas or a heating medium and the other a cooling medium.

In Figures 7 to 12, inclusive, I have illustrated a modified construction for controlling the supply of a cooling medium to the glass and thereby automatically regulating its temperature. Inthis form of the invention, the electro-magnet circuits are controlled through the resistance offered by the glass to the reciprocating movements therein of the plunger 27. The plunger is pivotally connected to the outer end of a control arm 80 having a pivotal connection 81 at its inner end to the plunger operating lever 82 fulcrumed at 83. The lever 82 is actuated by a continuously rotating cam 84 on a drive shaft 85. The forward portion of the plunger op 105 are momentarily brought together'once P form parallel arms 86 and- 87 between which is located the. arm 80. The latter is held in an intermediate position between tlie arn 's and 87 by comprcssionsprings 88 and 89 mounted in casings 90 on the arms 86 and 87. The springs 88- and 89 bear, respectively, against yokes 91 and 92 which are movable up and down in said casings. Stops 93 ad justable in said yokes bear against the upper and lower sides, respectively, of the arm 80.

These stops may be adjusted as"shown to. con-i.....

:m Figure ,The magnet 41 being thus ex-.

tact with the arm 80when the yokCSjf-9l; and 92 are at their outer limits of'inovment' in guideways 94 formed in the casings 90.

The control arm 80 is movable up and down relative to the arms 80, 87, under conditions hereinafter set forth, to control circuitsforj the electromagnetsll and 42. When the arm- 80 swings upward relative to the lever '82, a pair of contacts 95 are brought together, said contacts beingcarri ed respectively by the arm 86 and a spring arm'96 on a bracket97 carried by the arm 80. An adjustingscrew 98 serves to adjust the contact arm 9'6 K cifcuit for. the electro-magnet 41 may be traced from the magnet coil through aconductor 99, contacts 95, conductor 100, switch 101 and battery 102 back to the magnet coil. -A pair.of;contactSl..

103 are carried, respectively, by=the-arms 80: and 87, said contacts being in circuitavith the? electro-magnet 42. The circuit for said-elec tro-magnetmay be traced from the magnet. winding through battery 102, switch 101, con ductor 100,'contacts 103, conductor 104, co n-- tacts of switch 105 and conductor 106 back to the magnet coil. The contacts of switch during each complete reciprocation of the plunger. This closing of the switch is effected by a cam 107 carried on the cam shaft and so positioned that it engages and closes the switch as the plunger 27 is movingupward. The purpose of this switch 105 will be described later.- The operation-of the apparatus shown in Figures 7 to 12 will be understood from thefollowing description: W

' Figure 7 shows the parts in the position they would normally assume with the feeder at rest. The arm 80 is held in an intermediate position, thecontacts 95 being separated and the contacts 103 held together. The electro-magnet 41 is brought into operation when the temperature of the glass is below normal, and the electro-magnet 42 is brought into operation when the temperature rises above normal. Considering, first, the operation of the electromagnet 41. As the plunger'moves downward, the glass offers a certain resistance to such movement. This tends to swing the arm 80 upward about its pivot and compress the spring 88 to an extent determined by the resistance of the glass. If-the temperature of the glass is normal, the upward movement of the arm 80 about its pivot will be'insufiicient to bring thecontacts 95 together. The electro-magnet 41 will therefore remaininactive. If, however,the temperature "through the arm 80=to"c ompress the spring 88 to a greater extent and brings the contacts 95 together "to'complete the circuit for the elcctro-magnet'41; This condition is shown cited, operates the valve 62;

inset forth and claimed, may be the same as fully disclosed, 'forv example, in the patent to Cramer, Number 1,618,271, February 22,1927.

When the valve 62 is moved to the Figure 9 i position asabovexdescribed, the air-supplyis cutoff or reduced so that thereis a corresponchng reduction m-the amount of cooling ofthe glass which takes place in theboot 21. I

The temperature OfthC glass is accordingly permitted-to rise to normal. 4 It willbe noted that the contacts fcan only be-brought'together duringthe down stroke of the plunge. er and then only when the glass is too cold.

The :electro-magnet, therefore, remains ener gized only for a short interval. .1 In order. to effect a slow return movement of the electro-magnet core 65 when the magnet is deenergized, there is provided a dash 0t 115-mountedon' a bracket 116. This dash pot (see Fig. 11) comprises-a piston 117 and a piston rod 118 attached to the magnet core .05. The piston is held in its intermediate position by coil springs 119 and 120. When the electro-magnet 41 is energized and moves the parts to the Figure 9 position, air is freely poppet valve 122. The air in front of the aclmitted'behind the piston 117 through a piston is permitted to escape quiclgly through slots or air passages 123 formed in the hollow piston rod 118 and I extending lengthwise I thereof. It will be noted that these slots 123- I extend just beyond the end walls of the dash potwhen the piston is in its central position. They thus permit a quick escape of the air in advance of the piston as the latter moves in either direction beyond central position.

\Vhen the electro-magnet 41 is deenergized, the dash pot functions to cause a slow return of the parts. The air in advanceof the piston is trapped during this return movement and only permitted to escape slowly through a bleed opening 124, the size of which is ad-. justed by a needle valve 125. It will be observed that during this return movement, the one way valve 122 is held in closed position and the slots 123 in the piston rod are 'inf'fisuch position that the air cannot escape therey f valve 62 will remain closed untilthe temperature of the glass has been restored to normal.

strokes of the plunger,the time intervals between succeeding energizations ofthe magnet are insufiicient to permit a return of the valve to open position. The'air supply controlled by said valve thus remains cut ofi till the temperature of the glass rises to normal so that the contacts 95 remain separated.

' The operation when the temperature of the glass rises above normal will now be described: The electro-magnet 42 then controls the temperature reduction. During the down stroke of the plunger, the resistance of the glass will tend to swing the arm 80 upward about its pivot relative to the arm 87,"therebycompressing the spring 88, but

the contacts 108.1'emain together. The cir-- cuit thus remains unbroken at the contacts 103 during the down stroke of the plunger re- I If the temperature of the glass is normal, the

. movement of the arm 80 relative to the arm 87 I will be sufficient to separate the contacts 103.

The circuit for the electro-magnet 42 is,

therefore, open at the. contacts 103 while the 35.0am l07'cl0ses the switch 105 momentarily during the upward stroke of the plunger. It

will thus be seen that with the glass temperature either normal or below normal, the. cir- -cuit for the magnet 42 is at all times open either at the contacts 103 or 105, or at both points.

v If the glass becomes too hot, its fluent condition is such that it will offer comparatively little resistance to the upward movement of 45 the plunger. As a consequence, during the up stroke the contacts 103 will not be separated. Therefore, when the cam 107 closes the circuit at contacts 105, the electro-magnet i2 is energized and operates the valve 62 to a wide open position. The partsare now in the Figure 10 position. The amount of cooling air supplied through the line 108 is thus increased so that the temperature of the glass is reduced to normal. The dash pot .115 cooperates with the electr c-magnet 42 in the same manner as already described in connection with the electro-magnet 4.1, for maintaining the valve 62 in its open position until the temperature of the glass is reduced to normal. The cam 107 is shaped to hold the contacts 105 closed a suflicient length of time to permit a complete operation of the electromagnet. 66 The adjusting screw 98 provides for an 'ad- 7 if f this dash action, the j ustment by which the operator vary amount of compression of thespririg 88 necessary to close the contacts 95. For ex brought together before thetemperature of the glass is sufliciently reduced to call for an operationof the electro-magnet, the a'djusting screw 98 may be operated to separate the contacts 95 more widely, thus requiring a greater compression of the spring 88 to bring f That islto sa'y,'although the magnet circuit ample, if it is found that the contacts 95 are f 5 is opened at the contacts 95 during the down said contacts together. A similar adjustment is provided for the contacts 103 so that the temperature at which the electro-magnet 42 is brought into position may be. independently controlled. These adjustmentsalso permit the apparatus to be adjusted for different sizes of plungers or to compensate.

for other variable factors in the operati f the feeder. v g

It will be observed that the implement which works in the g lass (the plunger 27, Y ig. 1) and determines Fig. 7, or the tube 28,

the operation of the temperature controlling apparatus, is located in-close proximityto the,

outlet for the glass, so that the condition of the glass .as it issues controls the tempera-- ture regulating mechanism. A more direct temperature control of the charges of glass is thus provided, than if the implement were located at a point more remote from the point of charge formation. It will be understood, however, that under certain conditions, it

might be advisable to locate the temperature controlling implement at a point nearer the main furnace. It will also be understood that although I have utilized a part ofthe feeder which controls the discharge 'of glass, as the implement to actuate the heat controlling means, the invention is not limited to this particular combination, but many features of the invention might be embodied in a construction-in which an implement for controlling the temperature is separate from the mechanism which regulates or controls the flow of glass.

Modifications other than those herein specified may be resorted to within the spirit and scope of my invention. What I claim is:

' 1. Means for controlling the temperature of molten glass, comprising a mechanical element in contact with the glass, means for moving said element, and means governed by the resistance of the glass to the movement of said 'element for controlling the applicationto the glass of a'temperature regulating medium.

2. The combination of a container for molten glass, an implement in contact with the glass, means for driving said implement, and temperature regulating means controlled by the resistance of the glass to the movement therein of said implement.

.3. The combination of a container .for

molten glass, an implement in contact with the glass, mechanism for. transmitting motion t F S t A I l l i r ment,- to-{control the motor circuit. 1

ia-The combination -of ,a container for molten glass, an implement. in contact with glass-mechanism for transmitting motion Y o saidimplement, an electro-motor, means a actuated by said mechanism and dependent jorits operation on the resistance of the glass to the movement of said implement, to control the motor circuit, and means actuated by the electro-motor to control the application of a heat regulating medium tothe glass. Y I 5, The combination of a container for I molten glass, an implement in contact with i the glass, :1 driving elen'ient, mechanisnrfor transmitting motion from said driving element to said implement including relatively movable parts, means, to 'ieldingly' hold said .pflltSilIl-ifh predetermined relative position, said par-ts being moved relatively.when'a pre determined resistanceis offered by the glass to the movement of said implement, an elec tr0-motor', a :circuit therefor. controlledlby said. relative movement of said pa1 ts,5'1 ncans .for supplying a temperature regulating medi1im for cont-rolling the temperature of the glass, and meansncttiated bythe, electroniotor for 'conti'olling said medium.

molten glass, an implement in contactwith the glass-said umtainer-fhaviiig an outlet through which the glass issues, said imple- 'Inentbeing-arranged to control the-flow .of glass through the outlet, a driving element, mechanism for transmitting motion from said driving element to said implement including 40 relatively movable parts, means to yieldingly hold said parts in a predetermined relative position,said parts being moved relatively when a predetermined resistance isolicred by theglass to the movement of said implement, an elcctro-motor, a circuit therefor controlled by said relative movement of said parts, means for supplying a temperature regulating medium for controlling the temperature of the glass, and means actuated by the electro-motor for controlling said medium. 7 Y

7. The combination of a container for molten glass, mechanism for raising the tem- V perature of the glass when it falls below a predetermined working range of temperature, mechanism for reducing the temperature when it rises above said working range, an implement in the glassa driving clement, mechanism for transmitting motion from the driving element to said implement including relatively movable parts 'ieldingl v held in positions determined'by the'resistancc of the glass to the movement-therein of said implement, electro-motivc means controlling the actuation of said heat increasingand heat rerelative-p sitlo 6. The combination ofa container \for duc'ing mechanisms, and electrical circuits for Sa d eleetrormotive means' controlled by the ot said mot on transmitting parts. ,1. 2 r i a 8. The .comb nationof a container. for molten v glass, an mplement extending into the glass,- a driving element, means fortransnnttmg motion fromsald element to said implement comprising aligned shafts, a torsion spring connecting. said shafts and permitting relative rotation thereof, an electro-motor,

and out of engagement by relative movement of said shafts.

-9. The combination of a container tormolten glass, an implement extending into the glass,a driving element, means for transmitting mot onfrom said element to said imsaid shafts, and means actuated by said elecirb-motor for controlling the temperature of the glass 10. The combination of a. container for molten glass having a bottom outlet opcning, a tube projecting downwardinto the. glass orerthe outlet, a drive shaft, means for transm1ttmg motion from'said drive shaft to said q tube .comprisiiw relatively movable elements normallyhcld 1n apredcternuncd relative position during the rotation of said tube when the. glass is at anorrnal-working temperature znul moved to a (hil'crent.relative position-when the temperature and \lSCOSl'CX of the glass are changed by achange in the tempcrature of the glass be vond said'normal temporature, means for supplying alcmperature,

regulating mcdiunn-a valve controlling said upply,an electro-motor to actuating said -valve. and n'lcans in the motor circuit actuated by said relative movement forcontrolling the. motor circuit. ll. Means a substantially rons ant working temperature comprising clcctin-motors. means actuated by one motor for hurreasing the tcnn'zerature of the glass when said motor is brou intonctivity, and means actuated by the other motor for reducing the lenmcraturc of the glass. an implenumt extending into the glass, a driving element, mechanism. for transmitlug motion from said h'ivin uplcmeut comprisim;- lk vol}; movable pairs. the relative positions o'l said parts being variable in response to variations in the resistance oilercd b the glass to the move ment of said implement. and circuits for said motors controlled by said relatively nmvable parts for actuating, the motor controlling the increase of temperature when the tcn'ipem Lure falls below normal and for actuating the on maintaining molten glass at element to said and contactsin the motor circuit movedinto I other IdOtOI temperature above normal.

'12. The combination of means {for charging and periodically severing mold charges from a"supplybody f molten glass,

and automatic means for causing'avariation' in the temperature of the glass correspond-' ing to variations in the time intervals between successive severing operations; 13. The COInbHl QtlOILOf a container for molten glass. havmg' a discharge outlet through which the'g'lassissue's, means-for terval is increased. v

thereon brought into charge receivingposiperiodically severing the issued glasss and means for automatically increasing the ten}? perature'ofthe supply body of glass when the time -intervalbetween successivesevering operations is reduced and for decreasing'the temperature-of the glass when said time in 14. Thelcombination' of a container' for" molten. glass having a discharge; outlet through which the glass issues, shear mecha nism-operated periodicallyto sever charggs' s of glass", a movable mold carriage, mo

'tion in synchronism with the operationsof the cutting m'echanism-iand automatic means to increase the rate'of glass discharge'whcn -v the time intervals between suocesslve opera molten glass'ha'ving a discharge outlet; 21 i: f;

' maintain substantiallyr i uniform, :size of charges.

Lions of the shears are'reduced and-thereby? 15. ThecQmbinatiOn of a contamrffbrf mold c'arriage, molds thereon bro'ught .suc-

'cessively -into charge receiving position;

1 predeterminedvolume, means molten glass having an outlet through which- .the glass is-discharged, an implement controlling the .rate ofdischarge, adriver for actuating said implement, yielding means 1 interposed between -saidimplement and driver whereby their relative position is def termined by the resistance-of the glass to the mo'vement ofthe implement there j in, and'means controlled by said relative p0} sition toc'ontrol the application to the glass of a heat regulating medium 9."Tl'1'ef 'comb ination of a centimeter molten glass, 'an;- implement, means formoving the implementwithin theglass and thereby causingitto controlthedischarge of glass from the c0ntai1 ier,1: and, means 'controlled' by the resistance of the glass the movementiof the implementltherein for controlling I the temperature of-the glass. v

20. Thefcombi nationof a containerfor lated discharge of glasstherefrom, including an implement working in the glass and means for'periodicallysevering char es of glass of-a v I 501' moving said implement,- and ":'a, i1to1r'1ati :'imeanscontrolled ,"bythe-resistance of the glass to themovement' iof said mplementfto vary theiiatefofladis 7 charge of glass tenor-respond W in thelspeed of operationkof-sai Signediat Toledcyin-"theifco tyQoiTLu cas and State .of Qhio,2 ;thisy11th a j shears-operated periodically in synchronism "with the movementsofthe molds to said' position, an implementin contact with the glassin the-container, means fordrivingi said. implement at a speed proportionateto that of the mold carriage, and automatic means COD: trolled by said implement for increasing or decreasing the temperature of the glass in the container in response to an increase,- or:

a decrease of thespeed of said'implement and mold carriage. v

16. The method of regulating the temperature of molten glass which comprises moving a mechanical element throughthe glass and causing. the resistance of the glass tot-he movement of said element to'react through the driving means and thereby effect the op causing the resistanceofier'ed by the glass to f the movement of said element to 'vary the supply of said temperature regulating medium in response to variations in said resistance.

18. The combination of a container for v 85 molten: glass, mechanism for effecting a regu-- 

